Fig. 2

Schematic diagram summarizing risk factor assessment, diagnosis and treatment for osteoporosis in COPD. ^IFragility fracture is defined as a fracture of the hip or spine; prolonged systemic steroid use duration is defined as 3 months. ^IIRisk factors include: BMI < 21, active smoking, daily significant alcohol intake, age > 65 years, menopause, rib fracture, inactivity, FEV1 < 50%, parental hip fracture. Fr Fx = Fragility fracture