Self-management practices of smokers with asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional survey

Table 3 Race, Gender, Diagnosis and Smoking Status as Predictors of Adherence (n = 82)

Measure	Predictors	Comparison Group^a	OR	95% CI	p
Medication Filling^b	Smoking Status
		Smokers	0.085	0.018–0.400	0.0023
	Diagnosis
		Asthma	28.628	4.346–188.592	0.0005
		AsthmaCOPD	1.323	0.285–6.138	0.7211
Missed Appointments	Race
Missed Appointments		Black & Other Races	4.61	1.699–12.510	0.0027
ER visits	Race
		Black & Other Races	0.133	0.039–0.449	0.0012
	Diagnosis
		Asthma	0.278	0.072–1.065	0.0618
		AsthmaCOPD	4.315	1.248–14.924	0.0209
Hospital Admissions^b	Race
		Black & Other Races	0.119	0.33–0.428	0.0011
	Diagnosis
		Asthma	0.046	0.005–0.442	0.0077
		AsthmaCOPD	2.397	0.674–8.522	0.1766
Take a medication (including Inhalers)	Smoking Status	Smokers	0.333	0.1015–0.9320	0.032
Carrying Medications and Supplies	Diagnosis
		Asthma	2.2	0.324–4.444	0.1618
		AsthmaCOPD	0.273	0.080–0.931	0.013
Yearly Flu Pneumonia Vaccines	Smoking Status	Smokers	0.152	0.444–0.526	0.003
	Diagnosis	Asthma	0.73	0.207–2.572	0.6242
		AsthmaCOPD	10.399	2.408–44.915	0.0017
Attending Medical Appointments^c	Gender	Females	7.143	1.452–35.137	0.0156

NOTE: Significance at p <0.05; Logistic regression performed to identify multiple predictors of adherence
^aReference groups for variables include, smoking status = nonsmokers, race = White, gender = male, diagnosis = COPD
^bControlling for gender
^cControlling for smoking status

ISSN: 2054-9040